Which Bits Are Suitable for Different Tasks in Electric Manicure?

Electric (e-file) manicures require properly selected bits depending on the type of work needed for the nails and skin. Each type of bit has its specific features regarding shape, abrasiveness, and material. To achieve a high-quality result and avoid injuring the nail or the client’s skin, a technician needs to know which bit to use in each situation. Below are the main types of bits and examples of their applications.

1. Diamond Bits

Material and Structure

• Diamond coating with varying grit levels (coarse, medium, or fine).
• The most common and versatile type of e-file bit.

Uses

• Cleaning and smoothing skin around the nail and cuticle.
• Shaping and buffing the nail surface.
• Correcting the nail shape when gentle polishing is required.

Key Features

• Available in various shapes: cone, cylinder, ball, needle.
• Considered the most delicate for cuticle and sidewall work among all bit types.

2. Ceramic Bits

Material and Properties

• Made from zirconia or similar compounds.
• Low heat generation during operation, providing comfort for the client.

Uses

• Removing gel polish, acrylic, or hard gel.
• Correcting artificial nails when a faster and more abrasive approach is needed.

Key Features

• Less prone to clogging compared to other bit materials.
• Come in different abrasiveness levels — from coarse to fine.

3. Carbide Bits

Material and Strength

• Made from tungsten carbide.
• Extremely durable and wear-resistant.

Uses

• Quick and efficient removal of gel or acrylic layers.
• Shaping artificial nails.
• Treating calluses or rough skin on the heels (pedicure).

Key Features

• Special fluted design removes material quickly and evenly.
• Require more skill because improper use can cause excessive heat or injury.

4. Silicone (Rubber) and Polishing Attachments

Material

• Soft rubber or silicone infused with polishing particles.

Uses

• Final polishing of the nail plate.
• Adds shine without additional polishing compounds.

Key Features

• Very gentle, not meant for removing thick layers of material.
• Ideal for the last step of nail treatment to achieve a well-groomed look.

5. Sanding Caps and Barrels (Replaceable Abrasive Sleeves)

Material

• Abrasive cloth or paper fitted onto a special mandrel.

Uses

• Pedicure: removing hardened skin on the soles and heels.
• Occasionally used for quick removal of thick artificial coatings.

Key Features

• Available in various grit levels (from coarse to fine).
• Convenient to replace for each client, making hygiene protocols easier.

6. Tips for Choosing and Using Bits

1. Identify the Purpose. Choose a bit according to the task: material removal, cuticle work, or polishing.
2. Check Abrasiveness. Fine-grit bits are suitable for delicate work, while coarse-grit bits are better for removing gel.
3. Shape Matters. Ball and needle shapes work well for cuticles, the cylinder shape for the nail surface, and cone-shaped bits for hard-to-reach areas.
4. Proper RPM. Different materials require different speeds. Too high a speed can damage the nail and cause discomfort.
5. Maintain Hygiene. Use disposable sanding caps or thoroughly sterilize bits after each client.
6. Timely Replacement. Even the best bits wear out, so replace them as needed to avoid damaging the nail and to ensure an even finish.

Conclusion

Choosing the right bits for e-file manicure depends on the specific task, the technician’s experience, and the material being worked on. Diamond bits are ideal for delicate skin work, ceramic bits for removing gel, and carbide bits for fast removal of large volumes of artificial material. It is also crucial to set the correct drill speed and thoroughly sterilize the bits after each use to ensure the client’s safety and comfort.